CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the problems
Art is a universal thing. We can not define art from one perspective. Art was created initially to describe something that is to be conveyed. There are thousands of kinds of art that can be used to convey or describe something. Along the development of the age, the function of art changed but did not leave the function early. Sometimes when we walk in the corner of the city, we often see the walls of the building that is decorated by complicated writing or drawing. That's one of the quite popular arts among youth called graffiti.
Graffiti is one of modern contemporary art that uses the wall as the media. Graffiti generally contains the writings and pictures that can be categorized as abstract. Graffiti also could be interpreted as an art activity that uses color composition, line, shape and volume to write certain sentences on the wall. Generally, the tools that are used are spray paints (Bomber Community, sec 1). The word “Graffiti” was coming from Greek which is means to write (Graffiti Definition: The Dictionary of Art, sec 1). With the increasing of time, Graffiti later became a trend among teens because graffiti is considered as a tool for teens to express their freedom. Freedoms here are about human rights including freedom of opinion and how you express yourself in a text (The New Racism, p. 45).
The development of Graffiti was very rapid. Almost in every country in Asia, Europe, America and even Australia there is graffiti. A variety of opinions emerged about the graffiti. There are positive and negative opinions about Graffiti. But it did not make the bomber recede in working in the graffiti. Meanwhile, the presence of graffiti also becomes a new phenomenon in society. Communities consider graffiti as a criminal act because generally a bomber (a called name for graffiti lover) makes graffiti on the wall without asking permission first and damage the beauty of the city. In addition, in the political world, graffiti is considered as a subculture that tries against establishment (Palgrave Macmillan, sec 8). Punk which is considered as the resistance movement against the establishment uses graffiti as a means to disseminate their concept.
1.2 Statement of the problem
Based on the above background, the writer can formulate some formulation of the problem which is,
How does the point of view of Australian and Indonesia societies towards the emergence of Graffiti?
How teen expresses freedom in Graffiti?
1.3 Method of the study
In finding the answers of research questions above, the authors use a study library methodology by searching journals and articles related topic discussion. To support the argument analysis, the author will cite several sources related to the topic of discussion.
CHAPTER II
ANALYSIS
2.1 The Appearance of Graffiti
Graffiti comes from the Greek "graphein" and then in Italy is known by the name of "graffito" which means cuts or scratches (Graffiti: Art and Crime, sec 3). Graffiti actually had been around since humans first set foot on earth. At that time, Graffiti is used as a medium or a means to arouse men to hunt and as a means of spiritual. Graffiti is also a means of communicating between ancient human because they have not known verbal language (The Great Graffiti Wars of the Late 20th Century, p.54 – 55). Then Graffiti also has evolved during ancient Egypt. This is evidenced by the paintings on the walls of the pyramid. In ancient Roman times, Graffiti is used as a means of citizen dissatisfaction against the government. This can be seen from the sentence satire on government buildings in the city walls of Pompeii (Graffiti: Art and Crime, sec 5).
In continental Europe and America around the year 60's, Graffiti expanded to urban areas and become a community trademark. Since it considered as a trigger war among community groups, Graffiti in that era was prohibited. In America on the same era, Graffiti was used as a tool of political activists to protest like the Savage Skulls, La Familia, and Savage Nomads. Although prohibited, the development of Graffiti never stopped. Year 1969 - 1974, was the "Pioneer era" for the Graffiti because it was the era when famous Graffiti artist showing up like Taka 183 and Tracy 164. Then came another Graffiti artists like Dondi, Futura 2000, Daze, Blade, Lee, Zephyr, Rammellzee, Crash, Kel, NOC 167 and Lady Pink. In that era, the famous graffiti designs were polka dots, crosshatches, and checkers (Graffiti: Art and Crime, sec 12). Then in 1974, the graffiti artist tried to make a new design by combining cartoons and landscapes.
Stepping in 1980, this was an era where Graffiti dominate subway transit system. Almost all of the subway in America filled with images of Graffiti. In 1989, the U.S. Government issued a policy to clean all of graffiti on the subway, known as the era of New York Clean Train Movement. Stepping 1990, Graffiti is often associated with hip-hop. This is because the graffiti artists often do some experiments with elements of hip-hop. Year 2000 until present, Graffiti has been made as commercial materials with many leading computer manufacturers use Graffiti as a means of promotion. In addition, there is too much software with Graffiti theme scattered in the community. So, Graffiti is a contemporary art that still rampant in society in the world.
2.2 Graffiti and Youth Expression of Freedom
Graffiti on some teenagers has become a lifestyle trend. This trend provides a wide influence in the lives of teenagers. The effect of graffiti that could be visible is how the graffiti lovers express their sense of freedom. Freedom is one of the basic human rights. In graffiti, the basic rights are also embodied in the spray paint cans scratches. The bomber poured all the ideas of freedom that exists in their minds into graffiti in the terms and varied design. It is also based on the spirit which they held, “Keep the tags and throw ups out of the city--bomb the suburbs! Do pieces and art of worth in the city and take the "mark my territory" or "get up" graffiti elsewhere” (James Haskins, p.25).
The freedom that the young graffiti lovers understand produces a variety of graffiti designs. This is the meaning of freedom that the bomber believed. We can see the variety of graffiti design created by bomber that actually every designs fall into the category of graffiti styles:
Piece style is one style of graffiti that is fairly common used by the bombers. This type of graffiti using a blend of 3 colors that aims to clarify the meaning of drawings or writings. To use this graffiti technique, a bomber must understand well how the basic theory of this graffiti technique. (Graffiti Styles, sec 4)
Tag Style is the first graffiti appeared. Generally graffiti of this type typically have the arch in graffiti letters. This graffiti is easily to be found in every corner of the city and be done with marker pen, spray paints, spray sketch. (Graffiti Styles, sec 5)
Throw up is quite complicated graffiti design style to do. This design combines 3 colors. This design looks almost the same as the piece of writing style but the letters in this design in the form of bubbles. Generally posts in this design refers to the important issues that occur in society.
Wild Style is quite popular design among the bombers. This design requires a high level of accuracy. Generally, this design contains elements arrows, spears, and a big spike in 3D. In order to understand the meaning of this design, it requires the logic high. This design was first introduced by the graffiti artist like Zephyr, Stay High 149 and Tracy 168.
Blockbuster graffiti design is a style category that requires a fairly complicated sketch, requires extensive media and wide places. This design is different from other graffiti design mainly lies in the media equipment, ie a paint rollers. This design is usually used to cover other graffiti. Posts in this design are made oversized and simple.
2.3 Graffiti and Societies Point of View
Graffiti has been endemic to teenagers worldwide. Graffiti was originally categorized into a branch of art turned into a lifestyle trend. Almost in every country around the world, we can see the graffiti with a variety of designs and patterns. It was later affecting social conditions of society. People have their own perspective of the graffiti that could be positive or negative. Here we will see how the public views on graffiti in the two countries, which are Indonesia and Australia.
Graffiti in Indonesia has emerged since the time of independence. In an age of independence Graffiti became a propaganda tool in encouraging fighters against the Dutch (Graffiti di Indonesia: Sebuah Politik Identitas ataukah trend, p.1). Then Graffiti thrive when introduced again by the artist named YB Mangunwijaya in 1990 in the form of mural art. Then, graffiti spread to all corners of Indonesia and become a separate trend in the community. Indonesian people consider graffiti as one of the branches of the eccentric or abstract art. Graffiti lovers get a special place in society as a personal who has a sense of high art (Graffiti di Indonesia: Sebuah Politik Identitas ataukah trend, p.3). This is because the characteristic of Indonesian society with open hands receive all sorts of things from outside that are different from the culture of Indonesia. General Paradigm in Indonesian society, people who are adept in the field of arts and culture, indirectly get a high place in the society. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, Graffiti also became a social identity in society. Social identity here is the fabric of the chain of past relationships with various social, cultural, and economic in space and time in a community (Graffiti di Indonesia: Sebuah Politik Identitas ataukah trend, p.5). So, lovers of graffiti have earned a place in the social strata of Indonesian society as people recognize their existence.
Almost the same with Indonesia, Australian society was acknowledged and admired Graffiti as a branch of art. Even in Australia, in one State, Graffiti is used as a way to promote tourism (The Faith of Graffiti, p. 43). Most Australian people assume that Graffiti is the best way to reduce vandalism. Many cities in Australia provide a wall as a medium for the Graffiti artist. However, some people also think that Graffiti is an illegal activity (The Faith of Graffiti, p.46). Some people argue that legalizing graffiti Australia is not a way to reduce vandalism as the result of illegal graffiti. As a result of this, some state governments issued policy named "Anti-Graffiti Squad" which aims to clean up the city from illegal graffiti (The Faith of Graffiti, p.48).
Thus, the people in both countries, Indonesia and Australia, are having different views of graffiti. However, Graffiti remains an art that will never disappear.
CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION
Graffiti is a modern contemporary art that is growing rapidly among youth worldwide. This kind of contemporary art has emerged since the days of early man and continues to grow until now. Graffiti itself also gives effect to the lives of adolescents. One of the effects provided by the Graffiti that is how teens express the sense of freedom. Freedom is a fundamental human right. Therefore, for lovers of graffiti, freedom is set forth in the scratch of spray paint with various designs. Variety design that was produced will add to the diversity of the graffiti style. Some shades such as graffiti, piece style, blockbuster style, style tags, and so forth.
Society's view about Graffiti is diverse. There are pros and cons and others. In Indonesia, the community received this with open arms. For the people of Indonesia, a person who has expertise in the arts has a special place in the social strata of society. Similarly, graffiti lovers are considered have special place because they are people who are experts in the field of contemporary art. While in Australia, there are pros and cons about the presence of graffiti. For people who pro graffiti, graffiti is considered as one way to reduce vandalism. Even the media is also used graffiti to promote tourism. Conversely, people assume cons legalizing graffiti is not an effective way to reduce the level of vandalism.
So in outline, Graffiti is one of the branches of art and youth lifestyle trends today. Graffiti has provided a variety of influences and outlook on life in the social life of society.
Selasa, 07 Desember 2010
AN ANALYSIS OF UNCONSCIOUSNESS IN THE NOVEL AND MOVIE THE SILENCE OF THE LAMBS
A. Background of the Study
Activities undertaken by humans are divided into 2 which are a conscious activity and the activities carried out unconsciously. Activities undertaken consciously are covering all human activities that are done because of the commands from the brain to all organs of the human body. The human brain itself is divided into 2, namely the right brain and left brain. The function of right brain are to manage and give orders to all organs of the body through nerve cells while the left brain functioning as a counterweight and regulatory activities carried out unconsciously. Activities undertaken unconsciously include all activities undertaken without a command from the right brain through nerve cells. This generally occurs because of the stimulus that makes continued stimulation of the left brain to all organs of the human body and does not realize it because it does not recorded by the right brain.
In general, the human brain according to one famous psychological expert named Sigmund Freud’s divided into 3 stages which are conscious, pre-conscious, and unconscious. Reading a novel and watching a movie is an activity carried out consciously. But if we give a reaction in the form of angry, happy, or sad then it is included in the unconscious because sometimes we do not command it. It appears due to we brought into the world of imagination. That is really the essence of a writer and film director wanted because from the carry over into the world of imagination, we can determine the intent and purpose of the author and film director. We will act as detectives who seek information in order to know the purpose of criminal evidence obtained to reveal the purpose of crime.
Speaking about the disclosure of crime, there was a novel that tells how the struggle of a detective in uncovering cases of crimes committed by a doctor. The novel is titled Silence of The Lambs essay written by Thomas Harris and published in 1988. This novel is actually a sequel to Thomas Harris's first novel, entitled Red Dragon. In both the novel tells sadistic murders committed by Dr. Hannibal. An FBI detective named Clarice Starling is assigned to uncover cases of serial murder committed by Doctor Hannibal. In finding the answers of this case, Clarice Starling must try to explore the mind of Dr. Hannibal because Dr. Hannibal is very clever in playing mind of another FBI detective who had studied the case that was assigned prior before Starling. Starling tried to find information about the victims of Hannibal and perform reset on each victim done by Hannibal. This brings Starling further on this serial killer and this serial killer has link to other serial killers.
The success achieved by the novel The Silence of the Lambs that won the best novel in the Bram Stoker Award in 1988 adopted into a movie with the same title. The film, The Silence of the Lambs, produced in 1991 directed by Jonathan Demme. The film also tells the serial murders committed by Dr. Hannibal Lecter who forced an FBI agent named Clarice Starling to investigate. The film also won the same success as her novel with some awards in Oscar likes Actor in a leading role, Actress in a leading role, Director, Motion Picture and Screenplay.
In this novel, one character named Buffalo Bill or Mr. Gumb is adaptations of 4 suspected serial killers are:
Ed Gein, a Wisconsin man who robbed graves and murdered women in order to flay their bodies and make clothing out of them.
Ted Bundy, who killed dozens of women in the 1970s, often luring victims by pretending he was injured with a cast on his arm, a technique Gumb used to lure Catherine Martin into his van. Similar to Lecter, Bundy also offered to help investigators find other serial murderers by "giving insights" into their psychology while he was in death row.
Gary M. Heidnik, who held women captive in a deep hole in his basement.
Edmund Kemper, whose first victims were his grandparents, much like Buffalo Bill. (http://us.imdb.com/chart/top?tt0102926)
The novel and film The Silence of the Lambs is a masterpiece of a story about serial killings. This story inspired many other stories or movies. There was never a movie or a story about serial killings that are very valuable and makes the reader unconsciously brought into the world of imagination of a detective in uncovering crimes such as The Silence of the Lambs.
B. Statement of the Problem
In finding a few things related to the unconscious in the novel and movie The Silence of the Lambs, two questions had been developed to make a clearly understanding within the analysis are:
How the unconsciousness is portrayed both from novel and movie of The Silence of the Lambs?
How the id, ego, and super ego are constructed related to unconsciousness both in novel and movie of The Silence of the Lambs?
C. Objective of the Study
Regarding to the statement of the problems, the aims of this proposal is to find out how the writer and the director of The Silence of the Lambs visualized the unconsciousness as part of Human’s minds related to psychoanalysis theory within the main character.
D. Scope and Limitation
In this proposal, the analysis is focusing on the main character both from movie and novel which is Clarice Starling and Dr. Hannibal Lecter. The close reading method is chosen to find out how the unconsciousness appears within the novel by searching elements of unconsciousness such as id, ego, and super ego. Those elements would influence how the unconsciousness is constructed and what things that make it are. In finding the unconsciousness between the novel and movie, we would begin with observation in characterization of Clarice Starling, how she visualized her id, ego, and super ego to seek for some answers of Hannibal’s crimes. Also, we also look on Hannibal because he would influence the personality of Starling.
E. Significance of the Study
This proposal would show the viewers how both the writer and director of The Silence of the Lambs describe unconsciousness by combining three elements of unconsciousness which are id, ego, and super ego. The readers would find out how the difference of visualizing unconsciousness of main character and Dr. Hanibal between the novel and movie itself.
If the readers are hardly confusing in finding the unconsciousness of the main character and Dr. Hannibal, the theory that is used in this proposal could make easily understanding of unconsciousness because the basic core of the theory is talking about unconsciousness. The theory that is used is psychoanalysis which has an objective approach in seeing unconsciousness related to past memory or personality of someone.
The readers might some find some differences in seeing unconsciousness among the novel and movie. Some viewers would feel disappointed. It’s quite acceptable because not all things in the novel would be adapted 100% within a movie. One thing that’s important is how subjective point of view of the readers in seeing unconsciousness within this novel and movie.
F. Theoretical Approach
This proposal is talking about how unconsciousness is constructed among the novel and movie, The Silence of the Lambs through main character, Clarice Starling, and Dr. Hannibal Lecter. In making easily to understand about unconsciousness, psychoanalysis theory is chosen with close reading method. Close reading is chosen in order to find easily the diversity about how unconsciousness described between the novel and movie by combining structural devices that are id, ego, and super ego.
Psychoanalysis is theory that was introduced by famous Austria psychologist, Sigmund Freud. This theory according to Freud is is a term that he used to describe a specific method of investigating the mental processes (Encarta 2009). Freud made differentiation about the qualities of physical process based on reality which are conscious, pre conscious, and unconscious. Ideas considered to be conscious are those of which we are aware, yet they remain conscious only briefly. Preconscious ideas are defined as those that are capable of becoming conscious. In contrast, unconscious ideas are defined as those that are not easily accessible but can be inferred, recognized, and explained through analysis ((Freud, 1949, p. 32) Psychoanalysis views unconsciousness as the result of what people have done and got in the past. Past memory sometimes influences what we will do in the near future. This is why psychoanalysis argued that past memory is a part of unconsciousness. Meanwhile, psychoanalysis also divided human’s mind into 2 categories which are:
• The conscious mind include everything that we aware of. This is the aspect of our mental processing that we can think rationally.
• The unconscious mind include a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that outside of our conscious awareness (Kendra Cherry, par. 6).
In finding unconsciousness, Sigmund have made structural devices of human mind which are id, ego, and super ego. This structural device of human mind later would be used to analyze the main character’s unconsciousness and Dr. Hannibal Lecter. The id is the agency of physical apparatus, ego is the agency that acts as an intermediary between id and the external world, and super ego is the agency formed overtime by parents and social society (Ethan, par. 6).
Psychoanalysis also looks those three structural devices of human mind work together to create complex human behavior. If one of those three elements is dominating others, there would be a conflict appears. Freud use term ego strength to define the conflict due to unbalance of those three elements. A person with person with good ego strength is able to effectively manage these pressures, while those with too much or too little ego strength can become too disrupting or disturbing (The Structural Model of Personality, sec 11).
G. Method of the Study
First of all, this proposal would use observation in the work here are novel and movie to seek for the basic data by searching from intrinsic elements. Then, this proposal also uses close reading method in helping to seek for continued data for the analysis from other sources related to the analysis. Because of this proposal dealt with analysis on characterization, the analysis later would go deeper into the main character. Also, this proposal would deal with websites as one of the sources despite other sources to enrich analysis idea.
H. Definition of Key Term
Psychoanalysis : an approach of psychological that founded by famous Austria psychologist, Sigmund Freud.
Unconsciousness : a condition when someone doesn’t realize what he/she has done.
Id : a part of structural devices of human mind that the functions as the agency of physical apparatus.
Ego : a part of structural devices of human mind that the functions as agency that acts as an intermediary between id and the external world.
Super ego : a part of structural devices of human mind that the functions as agency formed overtime by parents and social society.
I. Organization of the Proposal
This proposal consists of chapters on separated analysis, which is divided into four chapters. The first chapter contains about background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, theoretical approach, method of the study, definition of key term, and organization of the proposal.
The second chapter would explain about the theoretical framework of the study. The theory that is used on this study is psychoanalysis that will elaborate idea in this analysis. Psychoanalysis would be used in defining how unconsciousness is visualized by the main character and Dr. Hannibal Lecter between the novel and movie, The Silence of the Lambs.
The third chapter would be focusing on analysis in answering the statement of the problem in the first chapter. In this chapter, the analysis is broadened to generate the unconsciousness of the main character from its personality and past memory until the searching of id, ego, and super ego related to influences that are got from Dr. Hannibal Lecter. Then the fourth chapter would summarize and conclude the entire study.
WORKS CITED
Cherry, Kindra. The Structural Model of Personality. www.about.com. Online. November 16th, 2010.
-------------------. The Conscious and Unconscious Mind. www.about.com. Online. November 15th, 2010.
Freud, S. Three essays on sexuality, the standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. IV). London: The Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psychoanalysis. 1953.
Internet Movie Database. Plot Summary of The Silence of the Lambs. www.imdb.com. Online. November 14th, 2010
Plaut, R Ethan. August 1998. Psychoanalysis: From Theory to Practice, Past to Present. Nothwestern University. Online. November 14th, 2010.
Activities undertaken by humans are divided into 2 which are a conscious activity and the activities carried out unconsciously. Activities undertaken consciously are covering all human activities that are done because of the commands from the brain to all organs of the human body. The human brain itself is divided into 2, namely the right brain and left brain. The function of right brain are to manage and give orders to all organs of the body through nerve cells while the left brain functioning as a counterweight and regulatory activities carried out unconsciously. Activities undertaken unconsciously include all activities undertaken without a command from the right brain through nerve cells. This generally occurs because of the stimulus that makes continued stimulation of the left brain to all organs of the human body and does not realize it because it does not recorded by the right brain.
In general, the human brain according to one famous psychological expert named Sigmund Freud’s divided into 3 stages which are conscious, pre-conscious, and unconscious. Reading a novel and watching a movie is an activity carried out consciously. But if we give a reaction in the form of angry, happy, or sad then it is included in the unconscious because sometimes we do not command it. It appears due to we brought into the world of imagination. That is really the essence of a writer and film director wanted because from the carry over into the world of imagination, we can determine the intent and purpose of the author and film director. We will act as detectives who seek information in order to know the purpose of criminal evidence obtained to reveal the purpose of crime.
Speaking about the disclosure of crime, there was a novel that tells how the struggle of a detective in uncovering cases of crimes committed by a doctor. The novel is titled Silence of The Lambs essay written by Thomas Harris and published in 1988. This novel is actually a sequel to Thomas Harris's first novel, entitled Red Dragon. In both the novel tells sadistic murders committed by Dr. Hannibal. An FBI detective named Clarice Starling is assigned to uncover cases of serial murder committed by Doctor Hannibal. In finding the answers of this case, Clarice Starling must try to explore the mind of Dr. Hannibal because Dr. Hannibal is very clever in playing mind of another FBI detective who had studied the case that was assigned prior before Starling. Starling tried to find information about the victims of Hannibal and perform reset on each victim done by Hannibal. This brings Starling further on this serial killer and this serial killer has link to other serial killers.
The success achieved by the novel The Silence of the Lambs that won the best novel in the Bram Stoker Award in 1988 adopted into a movie with the same title. The film, The Silence of the Lambs, produced in 1991 directed by Jonathan Demme. The film also tells the serial murders committed by Dr. Hannibal Lecter who forced an FBI agent named Clarice Starling to investigate. The film also won the same success as her novel with some awards in Oscar likes Actor in a leading role, Actress in a leading role, Director, Motion Picture and Screenplay.
In this novel, one character named Buffalo Bill or Mr. Gumb is adaptations of 4 suspected serial killers are:
Ed Gein, a Wisconsin man who robbed graves and murdered women in order to flay their bodies and make clothing out of them.
Ted Bundy, who killed dozens of women in the 1970s, often luring victims by pretending he was injured with a cast on his arm, a technique Gumb used to lure Catherine Martin into his van. Similar to Lecter, Bundy also offered to help investigators find other serial murderers by "giving insights" into their psychology while he was in death row.
Gary M. Heidnik, who held women captive in a deep hole in his basement.
Edmund Kemper, whose first victims were his grandparents, much like Buffalo Bill. (http://us.imdb.com/chart/top?tt0102926)
The novel and film The Silence of the Lambs is a masterpiece of a story about serial killings. This story inspired many other stories or movies. There was never a movie or a story about serial killings that are very valuable and makes the reader unconsciously brought into the world of imagination of a detective in uncovering crimes such as The Silence of the Lambs.
B. Statement of the Problem
In finding a few things related to the unconscious in the novel and movie The Silence of the Lambs, two questions had been developed to make a clearly understanding within the analysis are:
How the unconsciousness is portrayed both from novel and movie of The Silence of the Lambs?
How the id, ego, and super ego are constructed related to unconsciousness both in novel and movie of The Silence of the Lambs?
C. Objective of the Study
Regarding to the statement of the problems, the aims of this proposal is to find out how the writer and the director of The Silence of the Lambs visualized the unconsciousness as part of Human’s minds related to psychoanalysis theory within the main character.
D. Scope and Limitation
In this proposal, the analysis is focusing on the main character both from movie and novel which is Clarice Starling and Dr. Hannibal Lecter. The close reading method is chosen to find out how the unconsciousness appears within the novel by searching elements of unconsciousness such as id, ego, and super ego. Those elements would influence how the unconsciousness is constructed and what things that make it are. In finding the unconsciousness between the novel and movie, we would begin with observation in characterization of Clarice Starling, how she visualized her id, ego, and super ego to seek for some answers of Hannibal’s crimes. Also, we also look on Hannibal because he would influence the personality of Starling.
E. Significance of the Study
This proposal would show the viewers how both the writer and director of The Silence of the Lambs describe unconsciousness by combining three elements of unconsciousness which are id, ego, and super ego. The readers would find out how the difference of visualizing unconsciousness of main character and Dr. Hanibal between the novel and movie itself.
If the readers are hardly confusing in finding the unconsciousness of the main character and Dr. Hannibal, the theory that is used in this proposal could make easily understanding of unconsciousness because the basic core of the theory is talking about unconsciousness. The theory that is used is psychoanalysis which has an objective approach in seeing unconsciousness related to past memory or personality of someone.
The readers might some find some differences in seeing unconsciousness among the novel and movie. Some viewers would feel disappointed. It’s quite acceptable because not all things in the novel would be adapted 100% within a movie. One thing that’s important is how subjective point of view of the readers in seeing unconsciousness within this novel and movie.
F. Theoretical Approach
This proposal is talking about how unconsciousness is constructed among the novel and movie, The Silence of the Lambs through main character, Clarice Starling, and Dr. Hannibal Lecter. In making easily to understand about unconsciousness, psychoanalysis theory is chosen with close reading method. Close reading is chosen in order to find easily the diversity about how unconsciousness described between the novel and movie by combining structural devices that are id, ego, and super ego.
Psychoanalysis is theory that was introduced by famous Austria psychologist, Sigmund Freud. This theory according to Freud is is a term that he used to describe a specific method of investigating the mental processes (Encarta 2009). Freud made differentiation about the qualities of physical process based on reality which are conscious, pre conscious, and unconscious. Ideas considered to be conscious are those of which we are aware, yet they remain conscious only briefly. Preconscious ideas are defined as those that are capable of becoming conscious. In contrast, unconscious ideas are defined as those that are not easily accessible but can be inferred, recognized, and explained through analysis ((Freud, 1949, p. 32) Psychoanalysis views unconsciousness as the result of what people have done and got in the past. Past memory sometimes influences what we will do in the near future. This is why psychoanalysis argued that past memory is a part of unconsciousness. Meanwhile, psychoanalysis also divided human’s mind into 2 categories which are:
• The conscious mind include everything that we aware of. This is the aspect of our mental processing that we can think rationally.
• The unconscious mind include a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that outside of our conscious awareness (Kendra Cherry, par. 6).
In finding unconsciousness, Sigmund have made structural devices of human mind which are id, ego, and super ego. This structural device of human mind later would be used to analyze the main character’s unconsciousness and Dr. Hannibal Lecter. The id is the agency of physical apparatus, ego is the agency that acts as an intermediary between id and the external world, and super ego is the agency formed overtime by parents and social society (Ethan, par. 6).
Psychoanalysis also looks those three structural devices of human mind work together to create complex human behavior. If one of those three elements is dominating others, there would be a conflict appears. Freud use term ego strength to define the conflict due to unbalance of those three elements. A person with person with good ego strength is able to effectively manage these pressures, while those with too much or too little ego strength can become too disrupting or disturbing (The Structural Model of Personality, sec 11).
G. Method of the Study
First of all, this proposal would use observation in the work here are novel and movie to seek for the basic data by searching from intrinsic elements. Then, this proposal also uses close reading method in helping to seek for continued data for the analysis from other sources related to the analysis. Because of this proposal dealt with analysis on characterization, the analysis later would go deeper into the main character. Also, this proposal would deal with websites as one of the sources despite other sources to enrich analysis idea.
H. Definition of Key Term
Psychoanalysis : an approach of psychological that founded by famous Austria psychologist, Sigmund Freud.
Unconsciousness : a condition when someone doesn’t realize what he/she has done.
Id : a part of structural devices of human mind that the functions as the agency of physical apparatus.
Ego : a part of structural devices of human mind that the functions as agency that acts as an intermediary between id and the external world.
Super ego : a part of structural devices of human mind that the functions as agency formed overtime by parents and social society.
I. Organization of the Proposal
This proposal consists of chapters on separated analysis, which is divided into four chapters. The first chapter contains about background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, theoretical approach, method of the study, definition of key term, and organization of the proposal.
The second chapter would explain about the theoretical framework of the study. The theory that is used on this study is psychoanalysis that will elaborate idea in this analysis. Psychoanalysis would be used in defining how unconsciousness is visualized by the main character and Dr. Hannibal Lecter between the novel and movie, The Silence of the Lambs.
The third chapter would be focusing on analysis in answering the statement of the problem in the first chapter. In this chapter, the analysis is broadened to generate the unconsciousness of the main character from its personality and past memory until the searching of id, ego, and super ego related to influences that are got from Dr. Hannibal Lecter. Then the fourth chapter would summarize and conclude the entire study.
WORKS CITED
Cherry, Kindra. The Structural Model of Personality. www.about.com. Online. November 16th, 2010.
-------------------. The Conscious and Unconscious Mind. www.about.com. Online. November 15th, 2010.
Freud, S. Three essays on sexuality, the standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. IV). London: The Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psychoanalysis. 1953.
Internet Movie Database. Plot Summary of The Silence of the Lambs. www.imdb.com. Online. November 14th, 2010
Plaut, R Ethan. August 1998. Psychoanalysis: From Theory to Practice, Past to Present. Nothwestern University. Online. November 14th, 2010.
Top Money Making Jobs
The rapid growth of world economy brought many intrinsic and extrinsic changes in human life. Now, to become a millionaire is not as complicated as before. Even people with low education and low work experience have the opportunity to become a millionaire. This is all due to the growth of the Internet as a breakthrough technology has grown rapidly in the community. As a result, the way people run business has entered a new era.
Societies generally use the Internet just for the pleasure and fulfillment needs. However, smart entrepreneurs have used this to gain advantage for their business. They seek how to make a profit by running an online business model as a new breakthrough in the business world. The Internet also became a search container way out the problems that occur in the business world. On the other hand, there are many ways to earn money through online business. One of the ways is becoming an internet marketer. You can market other people's property or the property itself through your website. However, before becoming a professional internet marketer, you are advised to learn from people who have expertise in that field. In addition, you also have to feel happy and serious in becoming an internet marketer because the key to be success on this business is serious.
The reason why an online marketer becomes popular is because you can earn unlimited profit. In addition, you only have to prepare internet access and a laptop or computer as your capital. So, you feel like working for yourself and no one who set you. In other words, you become a leader for yourself and your business. No other business potential as an internet marketer.
If you want to develop your entrepreneurial skills, there is no mistake in trying an internet marketer. Your success lies in your own hands.
Societies generally use the Internet just for the pleasure and fulfillment needs. However, smart entrepreneurs have used this to gain advantage for their business. They seek how to make a profit by running an online business model as a new breakthrough in the business world. The Internet also became a search container way out the problems that occur in the business world. On the other hand, there are many ways to earn money through online business. One of the ways is becoming an internet marketer. You can market other people's property or the property itself through your website. However, before becoming a professional internet marketer, you are advised to learn from people who have expertise in that field. In addition, you also have to feel happy and serious in becoming an internet marketer because the key to be success on this business is serious.
The reason why an online marketer becomes popular is because you can earn unlimited profit. In addition, you only have to prepare internet access and a laptop or computer as your capital. So, you feel like working for yourself and no one who set you. In other words, you become a leader for yourself and your business. No other business potential as an internet marketer.
If you want to develop your entrepreneurial skills, there is no mistake in trying an internet marketer. Your success lies in your own hands.
The New Hartge BMW X1
The car now is not a special item anymore. The car has become a necessity for those of you who want a convenient transportation. Aside from being a means of transportation, the car also became a status symbol. Various kinds of car brands offered to consumers any kinds of car category starting from city car, sedans, SUVs, up to car racing category. Comfort and safety are top priorities of the car companies to offer to consumers. The more luxurious the car, then this indicates the owner of the community belonged to the upper level in the strata of a society. If you’re the lover of SUV and want a luxury in your SUV’s car, there is no wrong to check the latest production of BMW. BMW introduced a new SUV called Hartge BMW X1. This car is unlike any other SUV. There are some features of this car that can make you feel like in heaven.
Hartge BMW X1 is different from other SUV. This car is equipped with powerful 179 hp engine with the fuel it takes 1.8 to 2.0 liters per km. This car can reach speeds of up to 134 km / h, reaching a speed of 00-60 km in just 8 seconds, 1.5 seconds faster than any other kind. In addition, BMW also offers the addition of a turbocharger especially for those of you who like performance above all else. If you add a turbocharger, Hartge X1 can penetrate speeds up to 215 km / h and reaches 415 Nm of torque. For appearance problems, you do not need to ask again. In this car mounted 20-inch diameter alloy wheels with front offset 33, tire size 245/30 ZR fitted while the rear offset 40 with tires size 295/25 ZR. The interior of this car seems like a luxury car because BMW consider the needs of the consumer. This car is equipped with three-leather steering wheel model combined with the BMW emblem in the middle, 2 sets of special types of automatic aluminum pedals, aluminum and hand-brake. So you will feel like brought to the world as you've never met before.
Hartge BMW X1 is supposed to be in your home garage. Feel the sensation of driving a luxurious and comfortable with Hartge BMW X1.
Hartge BMW X1 is different from other SUV. This car is equipped with powerful 179 hp engine with the fuel it takes 1.8 to 2.0 liters per km. This car can reach speeds of up to 134 km / h, reaching a speed of 00-60 km in just 8 seconds, 1.5 seconds faster than any other kind. In addition, BMW also offers the addition of a turbocharger especially for those of you who like performance above all else. If you add a turbocharger, Hartge X1 can penetrate speeds up to 215 km / h and reaches 415 Nm of torque. For appearance problems, you do not need to ask again. In this car mounted 20-inch diameter alloy wheels with front offset 33, tire size 245/30 ZR fitted while the rear offset 40 with tires size 295/25 ZR. The interior of this car seems like a luxury car because BMW consider the needs of the consumer. This car is equipped with three-leather steering wheel model combined with the BMW emblem in the middle, 2 sets of special types of automatic aluminum pedals, aluminum and hand-brake. So you will feel like brought to the world as you've never met before.
Hartge BMW X1 is supposed to be in your home garage. Feel the sensation of driving a luxurious and comfortable with Hartge BMW X1.
Kamis, 01 Januari 2009
The Bad Impact of Mall's Mushroom
As we know nowadays, there are more and more malls built. As time goes by, the malls start mushrooming before we even realize it. Those malls have taken the part of our living and city’s open area. If we look at this problem carefully, we will understand that the mushrooming of malls is inevitably the fault of local government.
The local government keeps allowing the investors to build more malls just in order to get money from their “business”. They send the money from investors to the APBD and some to their own pockets. Those money are used mostly for the needs of the local government itself and it is often out of the people’s eyes.
Some local government also thinks that it is really necessary for a city to look greater than the others. Without thinking about the consequences, they allow the malls to be built and at last be proud of it, prove to other city that “this government is great, modern, and reach”. The local government never thinks that instead of being “sparkling”, the city are gong to “hell” with the sparkling lack of living space and open area such as park and city forest.
By saying that malls open wider job vacancies for their people, local government as if found reason to build more malls. It is time that malls make another job vacancy—even so much—for people. But doesn’t the government think that it is not only the local people will work in these malls? More than half of people working in malls come from outside the city. It will cause the centralization of people in the city. And it doesn’t solve any problem at all.
The mushrooming of malls maybe inevitable for a city to get. But like the mushroom itself, it should be able to be stopped. It depends on the government. If they continue letting the investors to build more malls, ten years from now there will be no place left for our children and grand children to live and also there will be no clean air for us to gasp because there aren’t any open area in the city.
The local government keeps allowing the investors to build more malls just in order to get money from their “business”. They send the money from investors to the APBD and some to their own pockets. Those money are used mostly for the needs of the local government itself and it is often out of the people’s eyes.
Some local government also thinks that it is really necessary for a city to look greater than the others. Without thinking about the consequences, they allow the malls to be built and at last be proud of it, prove to other city that “this government is great, modern, and reach”. The local government never thinks that instead of being “sparkling”, the city are gong to “hell” with the sparkling lack of living space and open area such as park and city forest.
By saying that malls open wider job vacancies for their people, local government as if found reason to build more malls. It is time that malls make another job vacancy—even so much—for people. But doesn’t the government think that it is not only the local people will work in these malls? More than half of people working in malls come from outside the city. It will cause the centralization of people in the city. And it doesn’t solve any problem at all.
The mushrooming of malls maybe inevitable for a city to get. But like the mushroom itself, it should be able to be stopped. It depends on the government. If they continue letting the investors to build more malls, ten years from now there will be no place left for our children and grand children to live and also there will be no clean air for us to gasp because there aren’t any open area in the city.
Sabtu, 27 Desember 2008
Global Warming, The Worst Thing That We Have to Fight
Don’t you realize that our earth becomes hot? Don’t you realize that the climate has changed? All of this is the result of the new phenomenon that becomes hot issue. Most of people worldwide are having discussion about it. It’s known as global warming. The new phenomenon as the result of glass—house effect. It creates new disasters that humans never imagine before. It has also made the people suffer. Today, many people worldwide are having discussion what the other causes of it except glass—house effect, what are the impacts of it for human life, and what we can do to prevent it.
As we know before that the global warming is the result of glass—house effect. Meanwhile, there also many causes beside the glass—house effect. First, the carbon dioxide from power plants such as coal. We know that coal is our sources as the fuel for industries. We realize or not, coal contains about 80 percent more carbon per unit inside. We can imagine how bad it for our environment. Second, the carbon dioxide emitted from cars. In United States, about 33 percent carbon dioxide emissions come from the burning of gasoline in internal—combustion engines of cars and light trucks. Third, the carbon dioxide comes from airplanes. According to the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, aviation causes 3, 5 percent of global warming and it can rise up to 15 percent in 2050. Last but not least, is the methane? We know that methane is more than 20 times as effective as Co2 at trapping heat in the atmosphere. It comes from sources such as rice paddies, bovine flatulence, and bacteria in bogs and fossil fuel production.
There are several impacts of global warming that can be bad for environment. We have felt that the temperature is going to increase day by day. It makes terrible things everywhere in the world such as ice is melting especially in North and South Pole; sea level rise became faster over the last century. Also, global warming has changed the climate. It creates the precipitation (snow and rainfall) increase across the globe. And there are more disasters would happen if the global warming continues such as:
• Hurricanes and others storms are likely become stronger
• Some diseases will spread worldwide
• Less fresh water will be available
• Floods and droughts will become more common
So, what we should do to prevent this phenomenon in order to save our environment for our grandchild in the next future. There are many ways that we can do. First, we can recycle garbage. For example you can recycle paper into envelopes, or anything else. Second, decrease the use of car by use the public transportations, walk, and cycle. Third, turn off the electronic appliances when they’re not use. Do not use dishwasher machine. Cut off the use off electricity because when we reduce electric power use, we save money, breathe cleaner air, and help to reduce the global warming problem.
As we have discussed previous that global warming is the new phenomenon which causes many new problems that humans never imagine before. There are several causes of global warming except glass—house effect such as carbon dioxide from power plants, emission of cars, airplanes, etc. Global warming has created many disasters such as the increasing of temperature, the climate change, etc. if we want to save our environment and grandchild in the next future, we have do something to stop it. There are many ways that we can do to prevent not stop global warming such as decrease the use of cars, turn off the electronic appliances when they’re not use, recycle garbage, etc. Have we done it yet? Or we just stay without doing anything? Let’s stop global warming together.
As we know before that the global warming is the result of glass—house effect. Meanwhile, there also many causes beside the glass—house effect. First, the carbon dioxide from power plants such as coal. We know that coal is our sources as the fuel for industries. We realize or not, coal contains about 80 percent more carbon per unit inside. We can imagine how bad it for our environment. Second, the carbon dioxide emitted from cars. In United States, about 33 percent carbon dioxide emissions come from the burning of gasoline in internal—combustion engines of cars and light trucks. Third, the carbon dioxide comes from airplanes. According to the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, aviation causes 3, 5 percent of global warming and it can rise up to 15 percent in 2050. Last but not least, is the methane? We know that methane is more than 20 times as effective as Co2 at trapping heat in the atmosphere. It comes from sources such as rice paddies, bovine flatulence, and bacteria in bogs and fossil fuel production.
There are several impacts of global warming that can be bad for environment. We have felt that the temperature is going to increase day by day. It makes terrible things everywhere in the world such as ice is melting especially in North and South Pole; sea level rise became faster over the last century. Also, global warming has changed the climate. It creates the precipitation (snow and rainfall) increase across the globe. And there are more disasters would happen if the global warming continues such as:
• Hurricanes and others storms are likely become stronger
• Some diseases will spread worldwide
• Less fresh water will be available
• Floods and droughts will become more common
So, what we should do to prevent this phenomenon in order to save our environment for our grandchild in the next future. There are many ways that we can do. First, we can recycle garbage. For example you can recycle paper into envelopes, or anything else. Second, decrease the use of car by use the public transportations, walk, and cycle. Third, turn off the electronic appliances when they’re not use. Do not use dishwasher machine. Cut off the use off electricity because when we reduce electric power use, we save money, breathe cleaner air, and help to reduce the global warming problem.
As we have discussed previous that global warming is the new phenomenon which causes many new problems that humans never imagine before. There are several causes of global warming except glass—house effect such as carbon dioxide from power plants, emission of cars, airplanes, etc. Global warming has created many disasters such as the increasing of temperature, the climate change, etc. if we want to save our environment and grandchild in the next future, we have do something to stop it. There are many ways that we can do to prevent not stop global warming such as decrease the use of cars, turn off the electronic appliances when they’re not use, recycle garbage, etc. Have we done it yet? Or we just stay without doing anything? Let’s stop global warming together.
Jumat, 12 Desember 2008
Dracula: Love Never Ends
This story began in 1462 when Constantinople has fallen into the hand of Turk. Dracula was sent to Constantinople to take away it from Turk. He had to leave her bride Elizabeta. Before Dracula went, Elizabeta had had bad feeling about her husband. Her bad feeling becomes true. Dracula die in the middle of war. When Elizabeta heard this, she became very upset. So, she decided suicide in order to follow her husband. Then, she had her servant, the Bishop to proclaim her soul damned. Consequently, Dracula renounces god and the church.
Four centuries later, Jonathan Harker, the lawyer was given order to go to Transylvania to sale 10 houses in London purchased by Dracula. Before he went, he had proposed marriage to her fiancée Mina Murray. At the first time arrived in Dracula’s castle, Jonathan felt something strange. The castle looked scary, there aren’t enough lamps, and the count never sleeps all day. The thing that makes Jonathan afraid is one of the count habits. The count always crawls down the castle like reptiles. One night, Jonathan has dreamed about 3 women who try to seduce him. Count seems like falling in love with Mina when he looked her picture for the first time. Then, he had idea. He had Jonathan to write letter that saying he will be stayed in count castle for another month. Meanwhile, Dracula prepared to go to London to meet Mina.
When Mina received the letter, she became sick of worry. Her friend Lucy is going to marry with Quiencey. After Dracula arrived in London, he looked for where the exactly Mina is. In other side, Lucy had bad habits. She always sleeps walking every night. The worst thing happened. Dracula came to Lucy’s room and bit her neck. Then, Lucy became sick after that. Lucy’s fiancée, tried to take care her with calling Dr. Seward. According to Dr. Seward check up, she was diagnosed suffer from anemia. However, Dr. Seward can’t find the causes for it. Then, he called his old mentor professor Abraham Van Helsing. Van Helsing immediately begins recovering Lucy with blood transfusion and places garlic near her bed.
Meanwhile, Mina has been visiting town and met Dracula for the first time. However, Dracula introduced himself as Prince Vlad Szekely. Soon, Mina seemed like falling in love with him as if she has known him before. Suddenly, Mina remembered the condition of her husband Jonathan and decided to visit him in Transylvania. She wrote a letter to Dracula and say goodbye for a while to Lucy. When Dracula heard this, he became very upset. So, he took Lucy as her bride instead.
Lucy is dead because she was losing many bloods and Dracula bit her once more again. However, Van Helsing smells something wrong on Lucy’s dead. He checked her mouth and knows that she is nosferatu. Then, Van Helsing asked quince to check Lucy’s grave on night. His guess is right. They are seeing Lucy carry a child on her arm. They saved the child and killed Lucy on her heart.
Meanwhile, Jonathan and Mina arrived in London and went to Lucy’s grave directly. They shocked after saw the condition of Lucy. One night, they have dinner with Van Helsing. Jonathan took a look around and realizes that Dracula has followed them for hours. He knows that Dracula live in Carfax Abbey. So, he and Van Helsing pay a visit after the dinner in order to sterilize Dracula earth boxes. In other side, Dracula visiting Mina on her room and take a bit on her neck. Suddenly, Van Helsing came and saved Mina. He tries to burn that room. However, Dracula changes into hundreds of rats and scurried away.
Then, Dracula feels that he isn’t save in London. So, he returned back to Transylvania via Varna. As Dracula is in mind contact with Mina, Van Helsing knows Dracula’s plans but Dracula seems to know either theirs plans. Then, they travelled across country to find Dracula and killed him. They divided into 2, Jonthan, quincey, Arthur, and Jack took train to Galanz where they secure horses for the borgo pass hopinf to cut off Dracula while Van Helsing and Mina took journey directly from Varna to Borgo pass.
Van helsing and Mina are almost to catch the castle but they decided to stop for the night. Van helsing made circle around in order to protect Mina from Dracula’s influences. In the circle, they stay through the night while Dracula’s 3 brides tempt Mina to join them. The next morning, Van Helsing entered the castle and killed 3 Dracula’s brides when Mina still slept.
It is near sundown. The gypsy wagon bearing Dracula in his earth box approaches the castle. Jonathan, Arthur, Quincey, and Jack are riding hard to catch up. Mina and Van Helsing wait inside the castle courtyard. Mina calls up a blue flame to protect Dracula. As the gypsy wagon enters the courtyard, a gypsy stabs Quincey in the back. Jonathan attempts to open Dracula's earth box, but the sun has set and Dracula rises. At that very moment, however, Jonathan slits Dracula's neck and Quincey stabs Dracula through the heart with a sword. Mina screams. As Arthur races forward to finish Dracula, Harker stops him. 'Let them go,' he says. 'Our work is finished here; hers is just begun.'
As Quincey dies, Mina sits with Dracula on the chapel floor inside the castle. She kisses him, and he begs her to give him peace. Then, out of love, she pushes the sword the rest of the way through Dracula's heart. The burn on her forehead disappears, Dracula dies, and Mina releases him by cutting off his head.
Four centuries later, Jonathan Harker, the lawyer was given order to go to Transylvania to sale 10 houses in London purchased by Dracula. Before he went, he had proposed marriage to her fiancée Mina Murray. At the first time arrived in Dracula’s castle, Jonathan felt something strange. The castle looked scary, there aren’t enough lamps, and the count never sleeps all day. The thing that makes Jonathan afraid is one of the count habits. The count always crawls down the castle like reptiles. One night, Jonathan has dreamed about 3 women who try to seduce him. Count seems like falling in love with Mina when he looked her picture for the first time. Then, he had idea. He had Jonathan to write letter that saying he will be stayed in count castle for another month. Meanwhile, Dracula prepared to go to London to meet Mina.
When Mina received the letter, she became sick of worry. Her friend Lucy is going to marry with Quiencey. After Dracula arrived in London, he looked for where the exactly Mina is. In other side, Lucy had bad habits. She always sleeps walking every night. The worst thing happened. Dracula came to Lucy’s room and bit her neck. Then, Lucy became sick after that. Lucy’s fiancée, tried to take care her with calling Dr. Seward. According to Dr. Seward check up, she was diagnosed suffer from anemia. However, Dr. Seward can’t find the causes for it. Then, he called his old mentor professor Abraham Van Helsing. Van Helsing immediately begins recovering Lucy with blood transfusion and places garlic near her bed.
Meanwhile, Mina has been visiting town and met Dracula for the first time. However, Dracula introduced himself as Prince Vlad Szekely. Soon, Mina seemed like falling in love with him as if she has known him before. Suddenly, Mina remembered the condition of her husband Jonathan and decided to visit him in Transylvania. She wrote a letter to Dracula and say goodbye for a while to Lucy. When Dracula heard this, he became very upset. So, he took Lucy as her bride instead.
Lucy is dead because she was losing many bloods and Dracula bit her once more again. However, Van Helsing smells something wrong on Lucy’s dead. He checked her mouth and knows that she is nosferatu. Then, Van Helsing asked quince to check Lucy’s grave on night. His guess is right. They are seeing Lucy carry a child on her arm. They saved the child and killed Lucy on her heart.
Meanwhile, Jonathan and Mina arrived in London and went to Lucy’s grave directly. They shocked after saw the condition of Lucy. One night, they have dinner with Van Helsing. Jonathan took a look around and realizes that Dracula has followed them for hours. He knows that Dracula live in Carfax Abbey. So, he and Van Helsing pay a visit after the dinner in order to sterilize Dracula earth boxes. In other side, Dracula visiting Mina on her room and take a bit on her neck. Suddenly, Van Helsing came and saved Mina. He tries to burn that room. However, Dracula changes into hundreds of rats and scurried away.
Then, Dracula feels that he isn’t save in London. So, he returned back to Transylvania via Varna. As Dracula is in mind contact with Mina, Van Helsing knows Dracula’s plans but Dracula seems to know either theirs plans. Then, they travelled across country to find Dracula and killed him. They divided into 2, Jonthan, quincey, Arthur, and Jack took train to Galanz where they secure horses for the borgo pass hopinf to cut off Dracula while Van Helsing and Mina took journey directly from Varna to Borgo pass.
Van helsing and Mina are almost to catch the castle but they decided to stop for the night. Van helsing made circle around in order to protect Mina from Dracula’s influences. In the circle, they stay through the night while Dracula’s 3 brides tempt Mina to join them. The next morning, Van Helsing entered the castle and killed 3 Dracula’s brides when Mina still slept.
It is near sundown. The gypsy wagon bearing Dracula in his earth box approaches the castle. Jonathan, Arthur, Quincey, and Jack are riding hard to catch up. Mina and Van Helsing wait inside the castle courtyard. Mina calls up a blue flame to protect Dracula. As the gypsy wagon enters the courtyard, a gypsy stabs Quincey in the back. Jonathan attempts to open Dracula's earth box, but the sun has set and Dracula rises. At that very moment, however, Jonathan slits Dracula's neck and Quincey stabs Dracula through the heart with a sword. Mina screams. As Arthur races forward to finish Dracula, Harker stops him. 'Let them go,' he says. 'Our work is finished here; hers is just begun.'
As Quincey dies, Mina sits with Dracula on the chapel floor inside the castle. She kisses him, and he begs her to give him peace. Then, out of love, she pushes the sword the rest of the way through Dracula's heart. The burn on her forehead disappears, Dracula dies, and Mina releases him by cutting off his head.
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